What are Large Language Models (LLMs), and how do they differ from traditional NLP models?Large Language Models (LLMs) — like GPT-5, Claude, Gemini, or LLaMA — are deep learning models trained on vast text corpora to understand and generate human-like text.
They use the Transformer architecture, which allows them to learn contextual relationships between words using self-attention mechanisms.
Key differences vs. traditional NLP models:
Aspect Traditional NLP Large Language Models
Training Data Task-specific, small datasets Massive internet-scale corpora
Architecture RNNs / LSTMs Transformer (multi-head attention)
Capabilities Narrow (e.g., sentiment, translation) General (reasoning, summarization, coding, conversation)
Feature Engineering Manual Learned automatically
Adaptability Low Can be fine-tuned or prompted for multiple tasks